Type 316 Stainless Steelis an austenitic chromium nickel stainless
steel containing molybdenum. This addition increases general
corrosion resistance, improves resistance to pitting from chloride
ion solutions, and provides increased strength at elevated
temperatures. Properties are similar to those of Type 304 except
that this alloy is somewhat stronger at elevated temperatures.
Corrosion resistance is improved, particularly against sulfuric,
hydrochloric, acetic, formic and tartaric acids; acid sulfates and
alkaline chlorides. Type 316L Stainless Steelis an extra-low carbon
version of Type 316 that minimizes harmful carbide precipitation in
the heat affected zone during welding.
Specifications
ASTM A240, A666
Typical Applications
exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, pharmaceutical
and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical
equipment, digesters, tanks, evaporators, pulp, paper and textile
processing equipment, parts exposed to marine atmospheres and
tubing
Chemical Composition: ASTM A240, A666
Element | Type 316 | Type 316L |
Carbon | 0.08 max. | 0.030 max. |
Manganese | 2.00 max. | 2.00 max. |
Sulfur | 0.030 max. | 0.030 max. |
Phosphorus | 0.045 max. | 0.045 max. |
Silicon | 1.0max. | 1.0max. |
Chromium | 16.0 18.0 | 16.0 18.0 |
Nickel | 10.00 14.00 | 10.00 14.00 |
Molybdenum | 2.00 3.00 | 2.00 3.00 |
Nitrogen | 0.10 max. | 0.10 max. |
Mechanical Properties: ASTM A240
Type | Yield Strength 0.2% offset (KSI) | Tensile Strength (KSI) | % Elongation (2" Gauge length) | Hardness Rockwell |
316 | 30 min. | 75 min. | 40 min. | HRB 95 max. |
316L | 25 min. | 70 min. | 40 min. | HRB 95 max. |
Physical Properties
Density (lb./ in^2) @ RT | | 0.29 |
Modulus of Elasticity in Tension (psi x 10^6) | | 28.0 |
Specific Heat (BTU/°F/lb.) | 32 to 212 °F | 0.12 |
Thermal Conductivity (BTU/hr/ft^2/ft) | 212°F | 9.4 |
| 932°F | 12.4 |
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (in. x 10^-6 per °F) | 32 to 212°F | 8.9 |
| 32 to 600°F | 9.0 |
| 32 to 1,000°F | 9.7 |
| 32 to 1,200°F | 10.3 |
Electrical Resistivity (micro ohms - cm) | at 70°F | 29.4 |
Melting Point Range (°F) | | 2500 - 2550 |
Processing
Types 316 and 316L are non-hardenable by heat treatment. Annealing:
Heat to 1900 - 2100°Fthen rapidly quench Forming: Types 316 and
316L can be readily formed and drawn.
Welding
These alloys are generally considered to have poorer weldability
than Types 304 and 304L. A major difference is the higher nickel
content for these alloys which requires slower arc welding speed
and more care to avo
