Yttrium Zirconium Oxide Fit Superconductors Electrodes Electrolytes Electronic Filters And Lasers

Rare Earth Oxides yttria for superconductors electrodes electrolytes electronic filters and lasers

Yttrium's most important use is in making phosphors which are used in CRT displays and in LEDs. Yttrium is also used in the production of superconductors, electrodes, electrolytes, electronic filters, and lasers. Yttria stabilized zirconium oxide is used in high temperature applications, such as in thermal plasma sprays to protect aerospace high temperature surfaces. High Purity (99.999%) Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3) PowderCrystals of the yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) variety are essential to microwave communication equipment and yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) crystals are used as laser gain media. High Purity (99.999%) Yttrium (Y) Sputtering TargetYttrium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity). Metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes. Yttrium nanoparticles and nanopowders provide ultra-high surface area. Yttrium oxides is available in powder and dense pellet form for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. Fluorides are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Yttrium is also available in soluble forms including yttrium chloride, nitrate and acetate. These compounds can be manufactured as solutions at specified stoichiometries.

Properties

Yttrium is a soft, silver-metallic, lustrous and highly crystalline transition metal in group 3. As expected by periodic trends, it is less electronegative than its predecessor in the group, scandium, and less electronegative than the next member of period 5, zirconium; additionally, it is more electronegative to its successor in its group, lanthanum, being closer in electronegativity to the later lanthanides due to the lanthanide contraction.Yttrium is the first d-block element in the fifth period.

The pure element is relatively stable in air in bulk form, due to passivation of a protective oxide (Y2O3) film that forms on the surface. This film can reach a thickness of 10 µm when yttrium is heated to 750 °C in water vapor.[11] When finely divided, however, yttrium is very unstable in air; shavings or turnings of the metal can ignite in air at temperatures exceeding 400 °C.[6] Yttrium nitride (YN) is formed when the metal is heated to 1000 °C in nitrogen

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