Magnesium alloy precision machining CNC shell parts surface
treatment
What are the surface treatments used for magnesium machined parts
and magnesium prototype?
Magnesium alloys are active metals that can produce chemical
reactions in the air. They require corresponding requirements for
the processing, environmental, water, and chemical raw materials
processes. Therefore, the surface treatment effects that magnesium
alloys can now perform are: Microarc oxidation of magnesium alloys.
, Magnesium alloy plating, magnesium alloy spray paint, magnesium
alloy spray powder, magnesium alloy passivation and so on.
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CNC Machined Magnesium Applications
Aerospace Components 
Magnesium's lightweight properties make it ideal for aerospace
parts, reducing the overall weight of aircraft. Components include
gearbox casings, seat frames, and other structural parts. | Automotive Parts 
In the automotive industry, magnesium is used for parts like
steering wheel columns, housings, and dashboard structures. Its
light weight contributes to fuel efficiency.
|
Medical Equipment 
Magnesium alloys are biocompatible, making them suitable for
medical devices like surgical instruments, orthopedic implants, and
equipment housings. | Electronics Casings 
Magnesium is used in electronic devices such as laptops, cameras,
and smartphones for its electromagnetic interference (EMI)
shielding properties and lightweight nature. |
Military and Defense 
Due to its strength-to-weight ratio, magnesium is used in military
applications like missile and aircraft components, as well as in
equipment housings. | Robotics and Automation 
Magnesium parts are used in robotics for their lightweight and high
strength, ensuring efficient movement and durability.
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The Characteristics of Magnesium Parts Can be Summarized as:
- CNC machining magnesium parts have high strength, the ratio of
strength to quality of magnesium alloy is high, and it has a
certain bearing capacity.
- Magnesium parts have small elastic modulus, good rigidity, strong
shock resistance, and are not easily deformed after long-term use.
- Magnesium machining parts have good resistance to electromagnetic
interference and shielding.
- Magnesium machining parts do not pollute the environment.
Magnesium is widely used in aerospace, automotive, and electronic
product shells due to its low ratio, high specific strength,
stiffness, great shock absorption, electromagnetic shielding, good
recycling, etc. It has a huge development and application
potential. The development of magnesium alloy is limited since it
is easy to be eroded in humid and coastal areas, which results from
its chemical and electrochemical activity. Therefore, some methods
have been researched for many years and help enhance the corrosion
resistance and extend the service life.
Why Machining Magnesium Is Beneficial?
Efficient Power Usage:Compared to metals like aluminum, machining magnesium demands only
about 55% of the power, making it an energy-efficient choice.
Speedy Machining:With high cutting speeds, generous feed rates, and deep cuts,
magnesium machining takes the lead in efficiency, even against
formidable contenders like stainless steel or titanium.
Exceptional Surface Finish: The result? A remarkably fine and smooth surface finish, a feature
that outshines the outcomes achieved with other metal types.
Tidy Chip Breakage: The innate ease of cutting magnesium results in tidy chip
breakage, offering a cleaner process than many other metals.
Longer Tool Life: Reduced tool wear translates to prolonged tool life – a standout
advantage akin to the benefits observed when machining materials
like titanium.
Various CNC Machining Methods For Magnesium
CNC Drilling | CNC drilling is a versatile method for making holes in the
magnesium workpiece using rotating cutters or drill bits. Most
applications require precise drilling, and CNC machines offer the
high accuracy needed in making intricate hole patterns.
|
CNC Milling
| CNC milling is one of the popular CNC machining techniques used for
magnesium material. The method uses a rotating tool cutter to
create a preferred shape in milling magnesium. CNC milling is
highly effective and well-suited for machining simple and intricate
geometries.
|
CNC Turning
| The CNC turning method involves cutting material from a rotating
magnesium alloy material held in a chuck. This method is perfect
for machining cylindrical shapes like pins, shafts, and threaded
parts.
|
Laser Cutting
| This is another common CNC magnesium machining method. It uses
high-powered lasers to deliver precise cuts on magnesium sheets or
plates. Laser cutting is ideal for creating thin and complex parts
quickly and efficiently.
|
Tapping
| Tapping is reliable method machinists use to make internal threads
in machined magnesium components. CNC machining helps to automate
this method. Thus, you can achieve accurate thread dimensions and
pitch.
|
How to safely machine magnesium?
Although it might sound daunting, it is perfectly safe to CNC
machine magnesium if the right precautions are taken.
Avoid tight clearance angles
Although magnesium can be machined at fast speeds without
compromising the quality of the part,
it is best to avoid tight clearance angles, because contact between
the tool and workpiece increases friction and cutting temperature.
Maintain proper tool condition
Sharp cutting tools can reduce the fire hazard of machining
magnesium.
Dull tools can rub and cause friction, which causes sparks and
builds up heat where the sensitive magnesium chips
are being created. Needless to say, sharp tools will also produce
better parts.
Most machinists use a carbide cutting tool with a large relief
angle for machining magnesium.
Avoid water-based coolant
Although coolants reduce machining temperatures, a water-based
coolant can actually increase the risk of a magnesium fire
as it will produce hydrogen gas.Avoid coolant altogether, or use a
light mineral oil in place of standard coolant. Compressed air
or argon gas can also be used to reduce temperatures without the
risk of exacerbating a potential fire.
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FAQs
Which magnesium alloy is the best for machining?
The best magnesium alloys commonly used in machining are AZ91 and
AZ31. However, AZ91 exhibits a greater Knoop’s hardness (HK) of
76.2, while AZ31 offers 51.1 HK.
What are the disadvantages of machining magnesium alloy?
Regardless of the extensive benefits magnesium machining offers,
its relatively limited availability, poor corrosion resistance, and
lower density are significant constraints.
What are the common uses of magnesium?
Magnesium alloys are versatile materials commonly used to make
lightweight components such as casings for cameras, medical
devices, and electronics like phones and laptops. Additionally,
magnesium alloys are used in making certain high-performance
vehicles.
Can I weld magnesium?
You can easily weld magnesium alloys using the arc and resistance
welding methods and oxyfuel gas welding technique.
Magnesium Sample Pictures for your reference:
JYH technology, Your Professional CNC Machining Magnesium Alloy
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