ASTM B348 Grade 2 Gr2 Titanium Rod Titanium Round Bar Titanium
Welding Rod Commercially Pure Titanium
ASTM B348 is a specification that covers Titanium and Titanium
Alloy Bars and Billets for use in various applications, including
medical, aerospace, and industrial sectors. Grade 2 Titanium (also
known as Commercially Pure Titanium or CP Titanium) is one of the
most commonly used grades of titanium, known for its excellent
corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and lightweight nature.
Below is an overview of ASTM B348 Grade 2 (Gr2) Titanium Rod, Round
Bar, and Welding Rod:
1. Overview of Grade 2 Titanium (CP Ti)
Material Composition:
Grade 2 Titanium is composed of 99% pure titanium, with trace
amounts of other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. It has
minimal alloying elements, which gives it its characteristic
properties:
- Aluminum: ~0.2% max
- Iron: ~0.3% max
- Oxygen: ~0.18% max
- Carbon: ~0.08% max
Properties:
- Tensile Strength: 50-70 ksi (345-485 MPa)
- Yield Strength: 40 ksi (275 MPa)
- Elongation: 20-30%
- Density: 4.51 g/cm³
- Corrosion Resistance: Excellent in a variety of environments,
including body fluids and seawater.
- Workability: Very good, especially for applications requiring
welding or machining.
- Biocompatibility: Highly biocompatible, making it suitable for
medical implants.
Specifications of Titanium Grades:
| Titanium Grade | Round Bar Standards |
|---|
| Titanium Grade 1 | ASTM B348, ASME SB-348, EN 10204.31 |
| Titanium Grade 2 | ASTM B348, ASTM B381, ASTM F67, ASME SB-348 |
| Titanium Grade 4 | AMS 4921, ASTM B348, ASTM F67, AMS-T-9047 |
| Titanium 6Al-4V Grade 5 | AMS 2631D, AMS 4928, AMS 4965, AMS 6930, AMS 6931, ASTM B348,
AMS-T-9047, ASME SB-381 |
| Titanium 6Al-4V Grade 23 ELI | AMS 2631, AMS 4930, AMS 6932, ASTM F67, ASTM F136, ASTM B348 |
| Titanium Alloy 6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo | AMS 2631, AMS 4981
|
2. Applications of Grade 2 Titanium
Grade 2 Titanium is widely used in industries that require
corrosion resistance, strength, and light weight. Common
applications include:
- Medical implants: Bone plates, screws, dental implants, and
surgical instruments. Its biocompatibility makes it an excellent
choice for these applications.
- Aerospace components: Used for components exposed to harsh
environments (e.g., aircraft structures, engine parts).
- Marine industry: For seawater-resistant parts like heat exchangers
and valves.
Chemical processing: Pumps, valves, and tanks where corrosion
resistance is critical.
3. Forms of Grade 2 Titanium (ASTM B348)
Titanium Rods:
- Round bars are often used for creating components that require high
strength and corrosion resistance.
- Available in a variety of diameters and lengths to meet application
requirements.
- Ideal for machining into medical implants or industrial parts.
Titanium Round Bars:
- These are used in manufacturing various parts like fasteners,
screws, and bearings in medical and aerospace industries.
- Round bars allow for flexibility in customization and precision
cutting.
Titanium Welding Rods:
- Used for welding Grade 2 Titanium components.
- Titanium rods for welding are often alloyed with small amounts of
nickel, aluminum, and vanadium to improve weldability and corrosion
resistance.
- Welding rods are used to join titanium parts in industries like
aerospace and medical manufacturing, where the strength of the
welded joint is essential.
4. Benefits of Grade 2 Titanium Rod, Round Bar, and Welding Rod
- Biocompatibility: Titanium Grade 2 is widely used in medical
applications because it is well-tolerated by the human body, with
minimal adverse reactions when implanted.
- Corrosion Resistance: Grade 2 Titanium is highly resistant to
corrosion in a range of environments, including acidic, basic, and
high-temperature conditions, making it ideal for applications in
seawater, chlorine environments, and body fluids.
- Strength-to-weight Ratio: Titanium has an excellent
strength-to-weight ratio, which makes it an ideal material for
aerospace and marine applications.
- Ease of Welding: Titanium can be welded with high precision, and
Grade 2 Titanium welding rods are used in high-performance
applications, ensuring strong, durable, and high-quality welds.
5. Welding of Grade 2 Titanium
Welding Process:
- Grade 2 Titanium is typically welded using techniques like TIG
(Tungsten Inert Gas) welding or MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding.
- The welding rods used are usually made from Grade 2 titanium or a
titanium alloy with a similar composition, ensuring the weld joint
retains the desired strength and corrosion resistance.
Precautions:
- Grade 2 Titanium can be sensitive to contamination during welding,
so it’s important to maintain a clean, controlled environment
during the process (e.g., inert gas shielding).
- Proper welding techniques should be employed to avoid issues such
as oxidation or embrittlement of the material.
6. Summary of ASTM B348 Grade 2 Titanium Features
| Feature | Grade 2 (CP Titanium) |
|---|
| Composition | 99% Pure Titanium, minimal alloying elements |
| Tensile Strength | 50-70 ksi (345-485 MPa) |
| Yield Strength | 40 ksi (275 MPa) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent (ideal for marine and medical uses) |
| Biocompatibility | Highly biocompatible (suitable for implants) |
| Workability | Good (easy to machine and weld) |
| Applications | Medical implants, aerospace, marine, industrial |
| Common Forms | Rods, round bars, welding rods |
